5th Grade Multiplying Multi-Digit Whole Numbers Test Solutions and Scoring (PDF)

5th Grade math test solutions: Multiplying Multi-Digit Whole Numbers – Maths PDF

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This multiply whole test answers for 5th Grade covers multiplying multi-digit whole numbers (Common Core 5.NBT.B.5), with a free PDF to print.

Use this answer key to grade the multiplication test. Each solution lists the partial products and a scoring guide. The total is 20 points. Give credit for any correct method, such as the standard algorithm or an area model, as long as every step is clear.

Grade 5 · Common Core State Standards: 5.NBT.B.5

Multiply whole test answers: worked solutions

Question 1 – Short products [2 pts]

(a) $3\times6=18$, $80\times6=480$, $400\times6=2{,}400$. Total 2,898.

(b) $72\times4=288$, times 10 is 2,880.

Scoring: 1 point for each correct product.

Question 2 – Three digits by two digits [3 pts]

$365\times4=1{,}460$.

$365\times20=7{,}300$.

$1460+7300=8760$.

Answer: 8,760

Scoring: 1 point for each partial product, 1 point for the correct sum. Do not give the third point if the placeholder zero is missing.

Question 3 – Four digits by two digits [2 pts]

$2{,}148\times6=12{,}888$. $2{,}148\times30=64{,}440$.

$12888+64440=77328$.

Answer: 77,328

Scoring: 1 point for correct partial products, 1 point for the correct total.

Question 4 – Is it reasonable? [2 pts]

692 rounds to 700 and 41 rounds to 40. $700\times40=28{,}000$.

28,372 is very close to 28,000, so the answer is reasonable.

Scoring: 1 point for the estimate 28,000, 1 point for a correct conclusion with a reason.

Question 5 – Ethan's work [2 pts]

The 5 in 52 means 5 tens, so the second row should be $36\times50=1{,}800$, not 180. Ethan left out the placeholder zero.

Correct: $72+1800=1872$.

Answer: 1,872

Scoring: 1 point for the explanation, 1 point for 1,872.

Question 6 – Area model [2 pts]

$40\times30=1{,}200$, $6\times30=180$, $40\times8=320$, $6\times8=48$.

$1200+180+320+48=1748$.

Answer: 1,748

Completed area model.

Scoring: 1 point for the four partial products, 1 point for the total.

Question 7 – Little League supplies [3 pts]

(a) $24\times16=384$ ($24\times6=144$ and $24\times10=240$). 384 players

(b) $384\times3=1{,}152$. 1,152 baseballs

Two steps.

Scoring: (a) 1 point. (b) 1 point for multiplying 384 by 3, 1 point for the correct answer.

Question 8 – Bake sale totals [3 pts]

(a) $125\times4=500$. $\$500$

(b) $86\times3=258$. $\$258$

Scoring: 1 point for each part. Accept a correct part (c) that follows from a wrong earlier part.

Question 9 – Check 507 times 20 [1 pt]

$507\times2=1{,}014$, but 20 is 2 tens. Multiply by 10 more: $507\times20=10{,}140$.

Answer: No, the product is 10,140

Scoring: 1 point for “no” with the correct product.

Total score

Total

20 points

Key facts behind this multiply whole test answers

Key facts

A partial product comes from multiplying by one digit of the bottom number.
Write a placeholder zero when you multiply by tens, hundreds and so on.
Add all partial products to get the final product.
Estimate by rounding each factor to its greatest place before you multiply.
An area model splits each factor by place value and shows the same partial products.

How to use this multiply whole test answers

Score your test with the point values shown for each question. Then read the worked solution of every question where you lost points and note the method to review.

All Grade 5 chapters: Grade 5 math.

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